In both cancer specimens, 20 proteins were upregulated compared with normal vaginal tissue (tyr-3-monooxygenase, nuclear chloride channel prot, apolipoprotein (2), proteasome activator hP A28 beta, RAB 1B (RAS oncogen family), serpin B6 (thrombin inhib) (2), GST M2-2 as well as M1 (2), HSP 27, aldehyde dehydrogenase, (eukaryotic translation) elongation factor, GDP dissociation inhibitor 2, capping prot (actin filament), DJ-1, PIMT, chaperonin TCP1, 14-3-3 protein theta and NM23). Here, NME1 is linked to cancer.