The level of PGC1α mRNA in skeletal muscle was observedto be lower in individuals with insulin resistance and T2DM [31].In addition, the expression of PGC1α-responsive genes involved in oxidativephosphorylation is reduced in skeletal muscle of individuals with T2DM, theirhealthy first degree relatives and even those with impaired glucose tolerance [13, 14]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is Insulin resistance.