Thus, neither Treg numbers nor FOXP3 mRNA levels differed significantly between children with uncomplicated malaria and those with severe malaria, and three different indicators of Treg function - their capacity to suppress lymphoproliferation, their expression of SOCS-2[45] and TNFR2 [46],[48] were all similar in severely ill children and children with uncomplicated disease. The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is malaria.