Thus, to improve the specificity and sensitivity of ovarian cancer diagnosis, the use of novel biomarkers such as HE4 (human epididymal secretory protein E4; WAP four-disulphide core domain protein 2, WFDC2) alone or in combination with CA125 has been intensively studied (Hellström et al, 2003; Havrilesky et al, 2008; Moore et al, 2008a). This evidence concerns the gene MUC16 and ovarian carcinoma.