BST1 and Hyperglycemia: CD38 is strongly expressed in lymphocyteprecursors, declinedduring differentiation, and then upregulated again in mature plasma cells [47].CD157 was suggested to display a similar expression tendency in myeloid cells [48].Since hyperglycemia directly enhances protein ADP-ribosylation in culturedneuroblastoma cells [49], resulting in increased ADPRCA in diabetic subjects, wespeculate that decreased ADPRCA in PBMCs could reflect decreased suppressiveeffects of CD38 and CD157 and increased numbers of differentiated cells.