CD38 is strongly expressed in lymphocyteprecursors, declinedduring differentiation, and then upregulated again in mature plasma cells [47].CD157 was suggested to display a similar expression tendency in myeloid cells [48].Since hyperglycemia directly enhances protein ADP-ribosylation in culturedneuroblastoma cells [49], resulting in increased ADPRCA in diabetic subjects, wespeculate that decreased ADPRCA in PBMCs could reflect decreased suppressiveeffects of CD38 and CD157 and increased numbers of differentiated cells. Here, CD38 is linked to Hyperglycemia.