We conducted this study to establish a one-step real-time PCR method that combines fluorescent hybridisation probes PCR without or with competing wild-type PNA 17-mer and melting curve analysis for the detection of K-Ras mutations at codon 12 and 13, in a cohort of 114 consecutive surgical frozen NSCLC tumour tissues. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.