While choline activation of the α7-nAChR may be important for maintaining receptor-mediated Ca2+ homeostasis throughout the brain [81], dysregulation of choline metabolism could lead to excitotoxic Ca2+ imbalances and has been implicated in the selective neuronal vulnerability characterizing Alzheimer's disease [22]–[23], [82]. This evidence concerns the gene CHRNA7 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.