Patient R006 suffered three episodes of malaria: the second episode seems to have been a treatment failure or a relapse from homologous hypnozoites but with a risk of error of 7.8% (frequency of apparition of SAL-1 H, which was the genotype found in both first episodes) and the third a new infection or a relapse from heterologous hypnozoites (msp1 genotype found: SAL-1 B). The gene discussed is ATAD1; the disease is infection.