Taken together with our demonstration that sFRP1 can associate with Frizzleds expressed in prostate cancer cells, we propose that sFRP1/Frizzled complexes activate a signal that leads to repression of AR and that inactivation of sFRP1 leads to uncontrolled AR activation, which may be a crucial step in prostate cancer progression. The gene discussed is SFRP1; the disease is prostate cancer.