APC and prostate carcinoma: For instance, 5% of prostate tumours harboured activating mutations in β-catenin (Voeller et al, 1998; Chesire et al, 2000), whereas changes in the coding region of Axin1 were recently identified in 6% of advanced prostate cancer (Yardy et al, 2008) and inactivating mutations in APC have not been found in prostate cancer patients (Suzuki et al, 1994; Watanabe et al, 1996).