Like EFNB2, ANGPTL4 has also been associated with the development of a range of cancers, including colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, bladder tumours and gastric cancer (Kaneda et al. 2002; Landi et al. 2003; Le Jan et al. 2003; Yoshimura et al. 2003). This evidence concerns the gene EFNB2 and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.