It is of note that a large number of breast cancers (phenotype II), 24% of all tumours, displayed an in-cycle phenotype (Mcm2 >30%) but expressing geminin levels below 7%, indicative of a G1-delayed or -arrested state (Stoeber et al, 2001; Blow and Hodgson, 2002; Gonzalez et al, 2004; Dudderidge et al, 2005; Shetty et al, 2005; Williams and Stoeber, 2007) (Figure 4, Table 1). Here, MCM2 is linked to breast carcinoma.