The efficacy of LTβR pathway blockade (that is, the blocking of activation of LTβR by either of its ligands via the pharmacological inhibitor LTβR-immunoglobulin fusion protein [LTβR-Ig]) has been studied in many murine disease models (reviewed in [19]), and a human version was used in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials [13]. This evidence concerns the gene LTBR and rheumatoid arthritis.