ALDH1A1 activity in cancer has been found to be responsible for resistance to oxazaphosphorines such as cyclophosphamide [9,10] and is involved in the irreversible oxidization of retinal to retinoic acid (RA) [11], which has been associated with invasion and adhesion in pancreatic cancer cell lines [12,13]. Here, ALDH1A1 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.