However, in two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in a surgical ICU (SICU) [15] and medical ICU (MICU) [9], our group has demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy (IIT) aimed at blood glucose levels between 80 and 110 mg/dl, significantly reduced the electrophysiological incidence of CIP/CIM and also the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) in the subpopulation of patients with an ICU stay of at least one week. Here, INS is linked to hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy.