SOD1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: For example, in the case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease), a dominantly inherited form of this condition, accounting for ∼2% of cases, is associated with mutant forms of the abundant cytosolic homodimeric enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which accumulate in insoluble aggregates in motor neurons [1]–[3].