More recently, it was shown that NTSR1 activation results in EGFR transactivation by the shedding of transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) in pancreas, and HB-EGF or amphiregulin in prostate cancer cells, both leading to ERK1/2 activation [27], but also EGFR expression [28]. The gene discussed is HBEGF; the disease is prostate cancer.