CHST3 was significantly (p<0.01) increased in the AF of women carrying fetuses with CHDs (mean = 380) compared to controls (mean = 176) by Student's t-test (unpaired; two-tailed distribution; two-sample equal variance), but not significant by univariate logistic regression (p<0.1; misclassification error of 0.33) (Fig. 5A, B; Table 2). Here, CHST3 is linked to atrial fibrillation.