During recent years evidence has emerged that malignant lymphoma survivors may have subnormal serum levels of testosterone and/or elevated LH (Whitehead et al, 1982; Viviani et al, 1991; Howell et al, 1999) However, there are a few large studies confirming these findings, and even fewer studies are published which compare HLSs with NHLSs. This evidence concerns the gene PLOD1 and lymphoma.