Importantly, TLR2 and TLR4 have recently been demonstrated to play a role in models of brain inflammation [51–53], and several endogenous TLR2 and TLR4 ligands such as gp96, HMGB1, HSP60, HSP70, and hyaluronan have been identified in various tumors [54–58]. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is brain inflammatory disease.