Overall, gene methylation frequencies were higher among MSI than among MSS carcinomas, and were statistically significant for CRABP1, MLH1, NR3C1, RUNX3, and SCGB3A1 (P ≤ 0.0001, P ≤ 0.0001, P = 0.001, P ≤ 0.0001, and P = 0.03, respectively). Here, RUNX3 is linked to carcinoma.