IL1B and tuberculosis: We also observed linkage to the region containing the IL1 complex of genes, with TB as the phenotype; IL1B has been associated with TB in Japanese [34], Gambian [35] and Columbian [36] study populations, while IL1RA has also been associated with TB in a Gambian population [37]; both genes were associated with pleural TB in a Gujarati Hindu population in England [38].