During the last two years, genome-wide association (GWA) studies based on tens of thousands of human cases and controls identified a series of novel type 2 diabetes risk loci including SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, IGF2BP2, and CDKN2A/B[1]–[5] which were subsequently replicated in other human cohorts and ethnicities [6]–[13]. Here, CDKAL1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.