Moreover, as only 30% of ovarian cancers express Her-2/neu or EGFR (Rosen et al, 2006), it can be suggested that the varying degrees of P-STAT3 expression exhibited by all the ovarian tumours analysed in our study may result due to the activation or upregulation of alternative cytokine or growth factor receptor pathways. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and ovarian neoplasm.