TGFB1 and carcinoma: Clinical studies have reported a decrease in TSP1 protein expression in human colorectal carcinomas.(60,61) When TSP1−/− mice were crossed with ApcMin+/, higher incidence in adenomas and carcinomas were observed.(62) Interestingly, no differences in vascular density were found between these mice and their littermates, suggesting TGFβ1 activation as the possible mechanism.