The finding of improved responsiveness to tamoxifen and better patient outcome associated with a high expression of BAG-1, a pro-survival antiapoptotic protein, is somewhat counter-intuitive but is mirrored by several studies identifying the overexpression of BCL-2, a major target of BAG-1, also being consistently associated with improved prognosis in low-grade ER+ tumours (Callagy et al, 2006) and also in patients treated with tamoxifen (Linke et al, 2006). This evidence concerns the gene BCL2 and neoplasm.