Many allelic variants within the ALDH gene family have been identified, resulting in pharmacogenetic heterogeneity between individuals which, in most cases, results in distinct phenotypes [2,5] including intolerance to alcohol and increased risk of ethanol-induced cancers (ALDH2 and ALDH1A1), Sjogren-Larson Syndrome (ALDH3A1), type II hyperprolinemia (ALDH4A1), 4-hydroxybutyric aciduria (ALDH5A1), developmental delay (ALDH6A1), hyperammonemia (ALDH18A1), and late onset of Alzheimer's disease (ALDH2). This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and cancer.