VEGFA and Sepsis: VEGF concentrations were markedly lower in critically ill non-septic patients (43.5 pg/ml, 4.1 to 200.0 pg/ml), patients with severe sepsis (112.7 pg/ml, 34.9 to 569.1 pg/ml) and patients with septic shock (70.5 pg/ml, 3.7 to 179.9 pg/ml compared with healthy controls (515.5 pg/ml, 280.6 to 1294.0 pg/ml, all p < 0.0001) (Figure 1c).