TNF and neoplasm: A strong decline in the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2, was observed at 111.8 (P=0.038), 7.0 (P=0.017) and 19 601 pg ml−1 (P<0.001) (all one-tailed tested), respectively, after the addition of the complete mixture of FO, SOM and high protein/leucine to the diet of tumour-bearing mice, leading to a lower inflammatory state.