In order to validate our previous findings on RRM1 and RRM2[17] and to further investigate the role of BRCA1 in taxane sensitivity and resistance, we retrospectively analyzed a series of tumor samples from advanced NSCLC patients treated with gemcitabine plus docetaxel in a randomized phase III trial carried out by the Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG)[5]. This evidence concerns the gene RRM2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.