ID-1 overexpression has been found in several types of primary human cancers including breast, pancreatic, prostate, nasopharyngeal, melanoma and cervical cancers (Langlands et al, 2000; Lin et al, 2000; Polsky et al, 2001; Schindl et al, 2001, 2003; Wang et al, 2002; Ouyang et al, 2002a; Schoppmann et al, 2003; Lee et al, 2004; Straume and Akslen, 2005; Jang et al, 2006). The gene discussed is ID1; the disease is cervical cancer.