ADI1 and malaria: Here, we reannotate the original APL1 gene as a gene family of 3 related members, APL1A, B, and C. Gene-specific RNAi assays show that all of the malaria-protective activity we previously reported for A. gambiae APL1 can now be attributed exclusively to APL1C. We functionally dissect the position of APL1C in mosquito immune signaling networks, placing APL1C as a required node in Rel1-mediated host defense against P. berghei infection.