Given the crosstalk between mitochondrial activity and dynamics, together with reduced Mfn2 and PGC-1β expression in type 2 diabetes, we conclude that the pathway reported here is not only relevant for the thorough explanation of mitochondrial dynamics regulation and the overall mitochondrial effects of PGC-1β, but also may provide the basis for the correct understanding of the alterations of mitochondrial metabolism associated with type 2 diabetes. The gene discussed is PPARGC1B; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.