Russell et al. showed excessmitochondrial ROS due to hyperglycemia depolarize mitochondrial membranes followed by decrease inATP activity and increase in Caspases-3 and 9 leading to Caspase-dependentapoptosis [29].Therefore, the induction of diabetes is associated with increased ratiosof Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-xL as well as increase of caspase-3activity in hippocampus which shows that apoptosis is favored inhippocampal region. The gene discussed is BAX; the disease is diabetes mellitus.