Viral infection has been shown to activate TLRs and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling pathways leading to phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor3 (IRF3) and IRF7 and stimulation of type I interferon (IFN) transcription, a process important for innate antiviral immunity [26]. The gene discussed is RIGI; the disease is viral infectious disease.