MYC and neoplasm: This seems to be independent of the binding of MYC proteins to E-boxes, but involves a cofactor, Miz-1, that tethers MYC-MAX to gene promoters, such as p15 and p21. Enhanced activity of MYC transcription factors contributes to almost every aspect of tumor formation: unrestricted cell proliferation, inhibition of differentiation, cell growth, angiogenesis, reduced cell adhesion, metastasis, and genomic instability [6,8].