POU5F1 and cancer: With the group of down-regulated genes, Oct-4 was included in network 1 (which has top functions as gene expression, cancer and cell cycle; see Additional file 5); with the up-regulated genes, Oct-4 was integrated into network 2, which has top functions as post-translational modification, cancer, genetic disorder and activates adverse pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction, see Table 1 and Table 2).