KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: Several studies, including one in Japanese men (300 cases, 216 BPH controls, 266 controls) (Wang et al, 2003) and a predominantly (∼95%) white American population (591 cases, 538 controls) (Salinas et al, 2005), as well as the present study, found no significant association between the PSA polymorphism and risk of prostate cancer.