If this is the case in vivo, we believe that adenovirus infection did not significantly affect PXR levels because both PKA and PKC are upregulated during adenovirus infection [33,34], keeping the expression of this protein in check except at the 24 hour time point when the balance between the expression of each enzyme might be disrupted since they are each uniquely involved at different stages of virus internalization and trafficking to the nucleus which occur during this timeframe [34]. This evidence concerns the gene NR1I2 and adenoviridae infectious disease.