This association was further supported by a significant positive correlation between the duration of AF and HbA1c (r = 0.408, p = 0.005) as well as fasting glucose levels (r = 0.353, p = 0.016), although no significant relation was seen for 1 h glucose, 2 h glucose, fasting insulin levels or HOMA-IR. This evidence concerns the gene INS and atrial fibrillation.