A number of different classes of growth factors and apoptosis-related factors have been identified as having a high likelihood of affecting leiomyoma growth, vascularity and extracellular matrix deposition: epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factors, transforming growth factor-β family, platelet-derived growth factor, angiogenic factors, Bcl-2 protein, tumour necrosis factor-α and p53 protein. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is leiomyoma.