IGFBP3 and cervical carcinoma: (iii) The colocalisation of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in the cancerous tissues, and the lack of correlation between circulating IGF-1 or IGFBP-3, and IGF-1R overexpression in cervical cancer cells suggest likely autocrine or paracrine IGF-1 stimulation of IGF-1R signalling.