In 79 African-Americans with heart failure and 84 control subjects, homozygosity for the β1-Arg389 and α2C-AR Del322-325 alleles produced an odds ratio for heart failure of 3.46 (confidence interval 0.68−17.6).17 In contrast, in the present study, homozygosity for the β1-Arg389 variant in subjects homozygous for the Del322-325 allele produced an odds ratio for heart failure of 1.03 (confidence interval 0.78−1.35). Here, AR is linked to heart failure.