Despite this caveat, it is noteworthy that the impact of CCL3L1 on HIV-AIDS susceptibility has been observed in different geographic regions ([5], [43], [44], [45], [46] and unpublished observations), and that we and others have found reproducible effects of specific CCR5 haplotype pairs on disease progression rates (e.g. detrimental and beneficial impact of the CCR5 HHE/HHE and HHC/HHG*2 genotypes, respectively [15], [17], [18], [19], [39]). This evidence concerns the gene CCL3L3 and AIDS.