Recent reports indicate that inflammatory cells both of the innate (macrophages, neutrophils) and adaptive immune system (B lymphocytes, CD4+ T-lymphocytes, CD8+ T-lymphocytes) or cells linking innate and adaptive immunity (dendritic cells) may play an important role in the development of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema [7-9]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and pulmonary emphysema.