The importance of the immune response initiated by proteins under NF-κB transcriptional regulation upon virus infection is underscored by the fact that VACV encodes several proteins, A52, A46, B14, K1, N1 and M2, which interfere with the intracellular signalling pathways that lead to the activation of NF-κB [11]–[16]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to viral infectious disease.