HSPA5 and neoplasm: Although our data support the conclusion that modulators of the UPR pathway are chronically impacted in this tumor type, aside from a modestly significant increase in BiP in the NSCLC diagnostic group with increasing age (p = 0.0187), we found no obvious correlation with any histopathological criteria such as gender, pathologic stage, histological type, or TMN-status and the increased expression of eIF2α, phospho-eIF2α, and BiP.