For example, APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G), a host innate antiviral protein [1], was found to be responsible for the inhibition of Vif-minus-HIV-1 infection [2]; whereas Vif counteracts this host cellular response by promoting proteasome-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G [3]. Here, APOBEC3G is linked to HIV-1 infection.