CD40LG and malaria: After adjusting for the effect of age, there was evidence of a significant association between total IgG to MSP3, MSP119, GLURP and reduced risk of malaria (IgG to MSP3: rate ratio 0.69 (95%CI 0.53, 0.90) P = 0.01; IgG to MSP119: 0.75 (0.61, 0.92) P = 0.01; IgG to GLURP: 0.79 (0.64, 0.98) P = 0.04); and IgM levels to AMA1, MSP3, MSP119 were also significantly associated with reduced risk of malaria (Table 2).