Postmortem examinations of ALS neural tissues reveal associations between innate immune and immune effector changes and exhibit reactive microglia, astrocytes, blood-borne macrophages, mast cells, increased number of dendritic cells, elevated chemoattractant factors, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules, as well as infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes surrounding degenerating neurons and areas affected in ALS [6], [31], [32], [34]–[36]. Here, CD4 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.