Large case-control studies in breast cancer have not shown any association between variants within the ATM and NBS1 genes and disease risk [27-32], although ATM variants have been weakly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer in two studies [33,34], and NBS1 Glu185Gln has been associated with increased lung cancer risk in a Chinese study [35], but not in a Norwegian study [36]. This evidence concerns the gene ATM and lung carcinoma.